Inclusive taekwondo program for the development of dynamic balance in students with hearing impairments
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Abstract
The objective of the study was to analyze the impact of an inclusive teaching program focused on basic taekwondo techniques on students’ dynamic balance, with particular attention to a female student with hearing impairment. A quantitative methodology was employed using a pre-experimental design, applying the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) before and after the intervention. The sample consisted of 26 ninth-grade students, including one student diagnosed with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. The intervention lasted eight weeks, with two sessions per week, and incorporated technical taekwondo exercises adapted through visual aids, physical modeling, cooperative work, and kinesthetic feedback. The results revealed statistically significant improvements in dynamic balance at both group and individual levels, especially for the student with hearing impairment, who exhibited a 20% functional improvement. Additionally, the program positively influenced group attitudes toward inclusion and enhanced social cohesion. It is concluded that taekwondo, when implemented through a structured and inclusive approach, not only improves motor performance but also fosters educational and social inclusion of students with sensory disabilities, underscoring the pedagogical value of adapted sports within school settings.
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Jhon Jairo Barreno-López, Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1036-5639
Student of the Master's Degree in Physical Culture and Sports Pedagogy with a focus on Inclusive Physical Education. He holds a degree in Physical Culture and Sports Training and has six years of professional experience as a Physical Education teacher.
Silvia Maribel Chiluiza-Siza, Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4190-6858
Master's student in Physical Culture and Sports Pedagogy with a focus on Inclusive Physical Education. He holds a degree in Physical Culture and Sports Training and has three years of professional experience as a Physical Education teacher.
Lenin Esteban Loaiza-Dávila, Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5769-2795
Dr. PhD. D. in Physical Education Sciences, Research Professor at the Bolivarian University of Ecuador, author and co-author of scientific articles and director of research projects in Education and Sport.
Giceya de la Caridad Maqueira-Caraballo, Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6282-3027
PHD. In scientific and didactic innovations in school Physical Education, Coordinator of the Master in Pedagogy of Physical Culture, Mention in Inclusive Physical Education.
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